2011年3月25日 星期五

雙賓動詞

整理:雙賓動詞配合的介係詞
read send give
bring tell lend
teach write

(受)物
to

受(人)
buy make get
cook for
ask of
練習三、依提示完成句子
例:a letter, my sister / I wrote…last week.
= I wrote my sister a letter last week. = I wrote a letter to my sister last week.
1. some money, Jessica / He lent…last month




2. a package, your parents / Please send…soon




3. the class, a joke / The teacher told…today.




練習四、單選題
1.( )Mom, will you read me a bedtime story tonight?
(A)to (B)× (C)for (D)of
2.( )He never asks a question his dad.
(A)to (B)× (C)for (D)of
概念三、副詞的表較級
副詞的比較級 : 句型同形容詞比較級
例1.:He is slower than she. (原級slow  比較級slower)
He runs more slowly than she does. (原級slowly  比較級 more slowly)
例2.:You are more beautiful than me. (原級beautiful  比較級 more beautiful)
You dance more beautifully than I do.(原級beautifully  比較級 more beautifully)
加強語氣修飾:much、even
不規則變化
副詞原級 副詞 副詞最高級
well 好地 better best
badly壞地;拙劣地;很
much 多地
little 少地 less

練習五、填入正確的詞性
1. Sammy is doing his homework (careful)than Bob.
2. Gina works (hard)than I do.
3. He ate (much)than Jim did.
4. Paul’s apartment is (neat)than mine.
5. A motorcycle is (dangerous)than a bicycle.
6. He walks (slowly)than I do.
練習六、單選題
1.( )John knows it than Mary does.
(A)well (B)much better (C)more better
2. ( )He got up today than yesterday.
(A)early (B)more early (C)earlier

容易搞混的句型

單學使役動詞時沒有問題,但是學生並沒有真正了解下列動詞句型的差異,因此往往不知道受詞之後該接原形動詞、to Vr、Ving還是過去分詞(PP.)。

(1) 使役動詞

let / have / make +受詞(行使動作者)

+原形動詞

(2) help +受詞 + (to) Vr

(3) ask / need / want / + 受詞 + to Vr

(4) 感官動詞see / hear / watch +

受詞(行使動作者)

+原形動詞或Ving

(5) 使役動詞let / have / make +

受詞(接受動作者) + PP.

(6) 感官動詞see / hear / watch +

受詞(接受動作者) + PP.

2011年3月18日 星期五

介係詞的用法

http://tw.myblog.yahoo.com/jw!cAKcEOKWERnFv9UGZSbl4T7WW4c-/article?mid=2023

跟屁蟲又分兩類: 1.加了會不一樣. (片語動詞=又稱為兩字動詞)

兩個字加起來才完整的動詞,稱做片語動詞.

2.加了還是一樣. (不及物動詞+介詞+名詞)

舉一個中文的例子:

1. 他掛了. 與 他掛衣服. 與 他掛念他. 就是第一類.

act up. act on. act. 加了會不一樣,俗稱"片語動詞"

2. 加了還是一樣,就是第二類.

deal with. talk to. 等只為了再家一個名詞!

兩字動詞 & 考題

http://tsw.hhups.tp.edu.tw/abc/phrase/


標題句:Please turn on the TV.
    Please turn it on.
She turned the TV on.

結 構:可分兩字動詞



到目前為止,我們所學者絕大部分為單字形的動詞,如 study, sleep, write, play 等等,但有些動詞的意思表達,是要以片語的形式,如 ask for, come back, go back, , cry out, get to, get on, get off, get up, grow up, hear from, listen to, look around, look at, look down, look for, run after, shut up, sit down, stand up, wait for 等等,和單字形的動詞使用習慣一樣,以上這些兩字形動詞,其實也不會造成我們在使用上的困難。

但有些兩個字所組成的動詞片語(稱為「兩字動詞」則不同,先看底下的例句:

e.g. 1. Please wake up your sister at seven o'clock.
2. Please wake your sister up at seven o'clock.
3. Please wake me up at seven o'clock.

例句 3 顯然和其他兩個例句不同,也就是說,當兩字動詞片語的受詞是名詞時,則該受詞的位置有兩個,放在兩字動詞片語的中間或後面均可,這樣的情形對我們來說,不會造成學習上的困難,反正兩個位置都對;但若受詞是「人稱代名詞」時,則只能夠放在兩字動詞片語的中間。這種特殊的用法,國中階段常用的有:

find out:找到
get back:取回
give up:放棄
look up:查閱
pick up:檢起來
put down:放下
put on:穿(戴)上
take away:拿開;拿走
take off:脫掉
turn on:開(開關)
turn off:關(開關)
wake up:叫醒

記憶方法:這種兩字動詞片語最惱人者,莫過於常背錯,若你仍未找到適當的方法,在此依經驗提供一個有效的方法,即在上述的兩字動詞中間,均加上 it 而後一起背,應會達到不錯的效果,如:

find it out  give it up  look it up  pick it up  put it down  put it on  turn it on/off  wake it up

想想看一:請將下列各句中劃線部分改為「人稱代名詞」,並填入空格中。[ 核對答案 ]

1. Your English will be much better than me if you never give up your English.

 ==> Your English will be much better than me if you never                  . 

2. There's trash everywhere. Let's pick up all the trash.

 ==> There's trash everywhere. Let's                  . 

3. It's 6:30 now. You can wake up the two children, or they'll be late for school.

 ==> It's 6:30 now. You can                  , or they'll be late for school.

4. It's cold today. Don't take off your jacket and sweater, or you will perhaps catch a cold.

 ==> It's cold today. Don't                  , or you will perhaps catch a cold.

5. Would you please put down the books in your hands and come to help me?

 ==> Would you please                   in your hands and come to help me?

想想看二:請將下列各句,翻譯成英文。[ 核對答案 ]

1. 請把水關掉。



2. 是誰把它們拿走的?



3. 最後,Martin 先生在公園的一棵樹下找到他兒子腳踏車。



4. 我需要桌燈,請幫我把它打開。(有兩句)



5. 她不懂這個字,所以要我用字典查一下。


http://www.classzone.com/books/lnetwork_gr07/page_build.cfm?id=quiz&ch=7

2011年3月2日 星期三

Need 的用法

如何分辨 " Mr. Lin __ wash his motorcycle. " 的答案?





題目如下,我是看自修的,也就是我有解答,但我不會分辨那個是正確的答案,請告訴我「各個答案是錯在那」,請教我「解題技巧」,考英檢用囉!謝謝。





Mr. Lin __ wash his motorcycle.


1. needs not


2. doesn't


3. need


4. needn't

2008-07-27 18:13:34 補充

to all :
回答者: 賴絲莉 ( 初學者 3 級 ) 代表知識團: 留學 DIY
回答者: Kevin ( 大師 3 級 ) 代表知識團: English Forum

這一題我寫 2 為答案,結果後面的答案是 「 4 」,但是二位都覺得 2 和 4 都可以,如果可以的話,可不可以再提一下意見給我,我的這本參考書是 民國 83年翰林出版的國中英文自修,是不是它寫的不好呢?

謝謝你們用心的回答哦!由於你們的見解相同,但是DIY隊的是正解,可是 kevin 又提出語法,現在的英文,我到底該選誰?


最佳解答網友票選.. 回答者: Kevin ( 大師 3 級 )
代表知識團: English Forum
擅長領域: 英文 | 武術
回答時間: 2008-07-27 16:41:50

[ 檢舉 ] .版主您好:

這個題目如果只講"文法", 那麼就如同幾位大大所說的內容:

1. [need]當一般動詞使用, 必須跟著主詞與時態來變化, 而且其後要接不定詞[to V]或動名詞[Ving]. 所以第一個答案加了s, 就表示這種用法; 問題是"一般動詞"的否定是藉由助動詞[do/does not]來表達, 而不能直接加[not]. 因此依規則論, 要改為
Mr. Lin does not need to wash his motorcycle. (一般動詞)
如果把[need]當助動詞, 那就不必須跟著主詞與時態來變化(它只用於現在式), 而且多出現在否定及疑問句. 所以要改為:
Mr. Lin need not wash his motorcycle.

那麼3.不適合的原因就很清楚了: 肯定句多把[need]當一般動詞使用, 所以要改為:
Mr. Lin needs to wash his motorcycle.

結果2. 與 4.在文法上都挑不出毛病, 如果是複選題還OK, 如果是單選呢?

這時候就要考慮"語法"了.

您先考慮一下主詞[林先生]與[洗車]這件事的關係, 不外乎是:
1. 林先生"必須/不必"洗車. (義務關係)
2. 林先生"該/還不用"洗車. (與車子髒不髒有關)
如果是1. 通常是用
Mr. Lin [has to]/[must]/[ought to] wash his motorcycle.
如果是2. 通常是用
Mr. Lin should wash his motorcycle.
Mr. Lin's motorcycle needs washing.

[need]通常是要表達滿足主詞的"需求"(如例句, [washing]是[motorcycle]的需求), 所以就本題而言, 只有在少數狀況, 譬如說:
林先生是個有潔癖或極度狂熱的車迷, 每天都得把車洗得一塵不染; 或林先生打算把愛車賣了, 為了賣相好一點, 得把車洗一洗.



類似這樣的狀況, 才會用[need].



既然如此, 如果是單選, 就挑2.吧!